Настоящее простое время
Lesson 11
Настоящее простое время.
(Present Simple)
Present Simple употребляется:
1) для выражения действий происходящих всегда, часто, обычно, периодически – I go to the University every day.
Для указания на повторный характер действия часто употребляются слова every day/week, month, year, often, seldom, always, usually, sometimes.
He often speaks English
2) для выражения общеизвестных истин
The Earth moves round the Sun.
Water boils at 100 degrees.
Present Simple совпадает с первой формой глагола – инфинитивом без частицы to для всех лиц и чисел, кроме 3 лица единственного числа.
В этой форме к основе инфинитива прибавляется окончание -s или - es. Окончание -s прибавляется к основе большинства глаголов:
to write – he writes
to work – he works
Окончание -es используется тогда, когда глагол в инфинитиве оканчивается на: а) s, ss, ch, sh, tch, x:
to dress – he dresses
to watch – he watches
б) y, перед которым стоит согласная, y при этом меняется на i.
to try—he tries
Проследим образование утвердительной, вопросительной
и отрицательной формы по таблице:
Число |
Утвердительная форма |
Вопросительная форма |
Отрицательная форма |
Единствен ное число |
I work |
Do I work? |
I do not (don’t) work |
He She
works It |
he Does she work
it |
He does not She work It
doesn’t |
|
Множеств- венное число |
We You
work. They |
we Do you
work they |
We do not
work You They don’t |
Выполните упражнения.
1.Напишите следующие глаголы в форме 3-го лица единственного числа.
want wash study go
read
kiss carry do
eat catch fly
think crash cry
2. Замените местоимение I на местоимения he или she по образцу.
Образец: I go to the office every day.
He goes to the office every
day.
1) I write many letters every day.
___________________________________________________
2) I read all of the important letters.
___________________________________________________
3) I study the reports very carefully.
___________________________________________________
4) I usually work in the main office.
___________________________________________________
5) I meet all of the important visitors.
___________________________________________________
6) I answer all of the important letters.
___________________________________________________
7) I send letters to many other companies.
___________________________________________________
8) I
talk to Smith and Brown every day.
___________________________________________________
3. Вставьте вместо
точек глаголы, данные в скобках, в форме Present Simple по образцу.
Образец: I … in the main office. (work)
I work in the
main office.
Mr Wilson … very hard. (work)
Mr Wilson works very hard.
1. Almost
everyone … very hard. (work)
___________________________________________________
2. We …
from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. (work)
___________________________________________________
3. Mr Wilson … a private office. (have)
___________________________________________________
4. Miss Peters … letters for me. (write)
___________________________________________________
5. Mr Wilson … the reports.
(study)
4. Поставьте глагол в
3-е лицо единственного числа.
Пример: We grow
flowers in the garden. (Mrs Green) - Mrs
Green grows flowers in the garden.
1. I want to study German. (Nick)
………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. They refuse to help us. (Mary) ……………………………………………………………………………………………….
3. My children study hard. (My son)………………………………………………………………………………………...
4. These students speak English fluently. (This student)…………………………………………………………………………………………
5. We know the right answer. (She)
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
6. They always
tell the truth. (My friend) ………………………………………………………………………………………
7. These planes
fly from London to Madrid. (This plane)……………………………………………………………………………………..
8. They make a lot
of money. (His father)………………………………………………………………………………………
9.These books give a lot of information. (The book)…………………………………………………………………………………………
10. They teach
History. (Mr Brown)……………………………………………………………………………………………...
5. Заполните пропуски, используя don’t или doesn’t.
1. We … listen to the radio every night. 2. Mr Johnson … have a private office. 3. The boys … study at the library every day. 4. These exercises … seem very difficult. 5. The men … always eat at that cafeteria. 6. That tall man … work for this company. 7. The people … speak English very well.
6. Исправьте следующие утверждения.
Пример: The
sun rises in the west. – The sun doesn`t
rise in the west. It rises in the east.
1. Snow melts in
winter…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Dolphins live in forests
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3. The Sun goes round the Earth
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4. Spring comes after autumn
…………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5. The Japanese live in the south
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. Составьте вопросы и ответьте на них, используя слова always, often,
sometimes, never, seldom, usually.
Пример:
your father / to read newspapers / in the evening?
Does your father read newspapers in the
evening?
Yes, he usually (always) reads newspapers in
the evening.
No, he never (seldom) reads newspapers in the evening.
1. You / to get up early?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
2. Your friend / to phone / on one`s day-off?
…………………………………………………………………………………….
3. You / to help mother / to do the shopping?
……………………………………………………………………………………
4. Your parents / to go on holidays together?
…………………………………………………………………………………….
5. Your father / to go fishing / at the weekend?
…………………………………………………………………………………
6. You / to quarrel / with friends?
………………………………………………………………………………………………..
7. You / to visit / grandparents?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
8. Your mother / to cook / delicious dinners?
…………………………………………………………………………………….
9. Your friend / to help with homework?
………………………………………………………………………………………...
10. You / to have
nightmares? …………………………………………………………………………………………………….
8. Образуйте
вопросительную форму данных предложений:
1. Mary
takes the dog for a walk in the evenings.
___________________________________________________
2. Peter buys a morning newspaper every day.
___________________________________________________
3. I come
to every class.
___________________________________________________
4. We go to
the seaside every summer.
___________________________________________________
5. You go
shopping on Saturday mornings.
___________________________________________________
6. Peter plays the piano very well.
___________________________________________________
7. The sun
rises in the west.
___________________________________________________
8. My big
brother knows everything.
___________________________________________________
9. Dogs
like cats.
___________________________________________________
10. Some children like chocolate.
___________________________________________________