Vocabulary 1: WORK

Complete the definitions below with a word from the box, as in the example

journalist

producer

mechanic

musician conductor

newsagent

butcher

keeper

editor

firefighter

vet

presenter

unemployed

retired

1. A …………….. repairs cars and motorbikes.

2. A………is the person who gives medical care to sick pets or farm animals.

3. Someone who writes reports, news stories or articles for TV and newspapers is a…………

4. A …………………….. puts out fires and rescues people.

5. A …………………….. person is someone aged over 55 or 60 who is no longer active in his work or profession.

6. A…………..is the person who is in charge of making a film, record, etc.

7. Someone who runs a shop selling newspapers and magazines is a………………

8. An ………………………. hasn’t got any job.

9. A………………………works in a zoo, feeding and looking after the animals.

10. A ................ sells meat.

11. The…………………of a newspaper or magazine makes the final decision on what it should contain.

12. TV and radio programmes are introduced by a ....................... .. .

13. The person who leads an orchestra is a ........................... …… .

Choose the correct verb in these phrases

v take / be work home

v be / have time to relax

v get / work long hours

v work / spend overtime

v get / be a workaholic

v run / go a department

v meet / take deadlines

v take / be time off work

v have / be under pressure at work

v have / spend a lot of time at work

v have / be good working conditions

v arrange / keep meetings

Put sentences a) – j) in the correct order to make the text

Do you live to work… or work to live?

a) Count the hours! Do you spend more than                 1

b) long hours? And weekends? Do you often take

c) long hours is an early sign you might be

d) work home with you or regularly work

e) some time off. It’s good for you!

f) to meet deadlines and sometimes everyone is

g) 50 hours at work every week?

h) a few hours overtime? Of course, everyone has

i) a workaholic. Find time to plan a holiday and take

j) under pressure at work. But working

What do you think about the question in the title? What is better in you opinion – live to work or work to live? Why?

Fill in the gaps with the adjectives

demanding      well-paid             badly-paid         rewarding             temporary

permanent          full-time             part-time        stressful

challenging        rewarding           glamorous          lonely            dull

1.      A ____________ job needs a loot of time and energy.

2.      A ____________ job makes you feel satisfied when you do it well.

3.      If you have a ___________ job, you worry about it a lot.

4.      A ___________ job is very difficult, but in an enjoyable way.

5.      If you have a __________ job, you work every day in the working week.

6.      You have a ______________ job for only a short time.

7.      You have a ______________ job for a long time.

8.      A ___________ job is very boring.

9.      A ___________ job is very exciting because it’s connected with fame and success.

10.  In a __________ job you earn a lot of money.

11.  In a __________ job you earn little of money.

12.  If you have a ___________ job, you work on your own and don’t see many people.

Think of three people you know who have jobs. Choose two phrases from the previous exercises for each person. Work in pairs and tell your partner about the jobs of people you chose. Which person works the hardest?

Vocabulary 2: LEISURE

Put the activities / equipment in the box into the correct columns

aerobics

a musical instrument

athletics

cards

climbing

computer games

cooking

cycling

dancing

drawing

exercise

football

horse riding

jogging

karate

painting

photography

reading

sailing

skiing

scuba diving

snowboarding

squash

surfing

swimming

volleyball

parachuting

shopping

Do

Play

Go

No verb

aerobics

Think of some activities you enjoy. Tell about them to other students.

Vocabulary 3: WORD BUILDING

Study the main patterns of word building

Prefix / Suffix

Meaning

Example

Prefixes

re-

again

rewrite, revisit, rebuild

dis-

negative / opposite meaning

disappear, disconnect

over-

too much

oversleep, overwork

under-

too little, not enough

underestimate, undercharge

un-, in-, im-, il-, ir-

negative / opposite meaning

unlock, unhappy, informal, impolite, illegal, irregular

mis-

badly or wrongly

mislead, misbehave

out-

more or better than others

outperform, outbid

co-

together

co-exist, co-operate

Noun suffixes

-ant, -ent,

-ary, -er,

-or, -ist

people, profession

assistant, student, engineer, actor, scientist

-acy, -ance,

-ence, -ency,

-dom, -hood,

-tion, -ism,

-ment, -ness,

-ship

abstract things, states

democracy, distance, defence, tendency,  freedom, childhood, evolution, communism, government, darkness, citizenship

Adjective suffixes

-ish, -an

nationality

English, German

-able

ability

capable, reasonable

-al, -ous,

-y

adjectives from nouns

economical, practical, famous, rainy

-ive

nouns from verbs

creative, constructive

-less

absence of the quality

helpless, hopeless

-full

presence of the quality

useful, helpful

-ed, -ing

adjectives from nouns and verbs

interesting, interested, disappointed

Verb suffixes

-ise / -ize

verbs from nouns

characterise, symbolise specialise

-en

verbs from adjectives and nouns

harden, strengthen

-y

verbs from adjectives

intensify, clarify

Adverb suffixes

-ly

adverbs from adjectives

easily

-wards / -wise

manner of the action

towards, backwards, clockwise

Complete the sentences with a word made from the word in brackets, as in the example

Example: Loss of habitat isn't just a problem for animals in this country – it's an ...international... issue. (NATION)

1. I completely __________ with him on this subject. His plan is impossible. (AGREE)

2. I’m sorry, I __________ her message. (UNDERSTAND)

3. To make a successful career one should get a good ___________. (EDUCATE)

4. You must be _________ when you drive in rainy weather. (CARE)

5. This bag is very __________. I take it when I go on holiday. (COMFORT)

6. Teenagers want to be __________ and wear all the latest styles. (FASHION)

7. You can trust Susan. None of my friends is more ____________ than her. (RELY)

8. George Clooney was awarded a Golden Globe for his _____________ in The Descendants. (PERFORM)

9. Susan usually does the ____________ up after lunch. (WASH)

10. Tony is a really _____________ teenager. He wants to become an astronaut. (AMBITION)

11. Some of the most prestigious _____________ will take part in the research on cancer. (SCIENCE)

12. The excuse Sam gave me was completely ____________, I won’t forgive him. (USE)

13. The first holiday with my friends was a/an ____________ experience. I enjoyed all of it. (FORGET)

14. This essay is far too long. You have to ________________ it. (SUMMARY)

15. Why are you wearing such a __________ coat? You’d better wash it. (DIRT)

16. The article was so ___________ that I didn’t finish reading it. (INTEREST)

17. The students were really _________ to know their exam results. (PATIENT)

Put the word in brackets into the correct form. You will have to use prefixes and/or suffixes if necessary

1. He was sitting __________________ in his seat on the train. (comfort)

2. There was a __________________ light coming from the window. (green)

3. He didn't pass his exam. He was __________________ for the second time. (succeed)

4. Some of the shanty towns are dreadfully __________________ . (crowd)

5. I couldn't find any __________________ in his theory. (weak)

6. She arrived late at work because she had__________________ . (sleep)

7. The road was too narrow, so they had to __________________ it. (wide)

8. He needed to __________________ the temperature. (regular)

9. It is very __________________ to run air-conditioning with the door open. (economy)

10. His __________________ has been expected for the last half an hour. (arrive)

11. Failing her driving test was a great __________________ to her. (appoint)

12. The film was __________________ good. (surprise)

13. The company has over 500 __________________ . (employ)

15. The rate of __________________ in Brazil has been rising steadily. (employ)

16. She looked at him __________________ , and started to cry. (happy)

17. The film was so __________________ that we left before the end. (bore)

Read the text about business trips and put words in brackets in the correct form

__________ (employ) from different countries often go on business trips. It is not ___________ (surprise) because we are living in the world of growing ____________ (nation) trade and expanding ________ (economy) and technical ___________ (cooperate).

Companies can arrange such trips for their ____________ (work) both in and outside the country and some foreign companies even provide __________ (invite) for their partners.

There are many reasons for going on business such as making a contract, discussing different terms of ___________ (deliver), _________ (pay), having tests, doing __________ (consult), __________ (develop) of _________ (profession) skills, working, etc.

Choosing a __________ (comfort) hotel to stay at is a matter of big importance. There are plenty of good hotels, motels and guest houses in the world, which are _____________ (convenient) located in major business centers.

Many countries have __________ (excel) hotels. Such ____________ (accommodate) provide numerous facilities including both large and small cocktail bars, barber's shops and conference halls with high-tech __________ (equip) such as simultaneous, multilingual __________ (translate) systems. There are parking areas which can contain a lot of cars. People in the office help guests to book train tickets and rent a car. They are also ready to give all necessary ___________ (inform).

Nowadays people who go on business mostly travel by air as it is the fastest means of travelling. Passengers are requested to arrive at the airport 2 hours before the _________ (depart) time on __________ (nation) flights and an hour on domestic flights, as there must be enough time for __________ (complete) the necessary airport forms. Passengers must pass ___________ (register) of their tickets and weigh their luggage.

Companies make preliminary ___________ (arrange) in order to meet. ____________ (usual) itinerary of the trip is _________ (care) planned by the head of the department. A business trip can be long or short. Often an ___________ (employ) must give a __________ (finance) report to the chief.

______________ (fortune) a businessman has a chance to go sightseeing or to visit theatres, or just have some rest after the working day. They also try to buy gifts or presents to relatives, friends and colleagues.

Business today is international, so business people often have to travel. On a business trip people may meet colleagues and business partners for a first time. Colleagues from different countries __________ (usual) experience __________ (culture) ____________ (difficult). In other words, they may be surprised by foreign social conventions, i.e. different ways that other nationalities or different cultures do things.

__________ (manage) styles are also differed from country to country. In some cases it is __________ (use) to get a piece of advice from a special agency, consulting on the questions of international business.

Business trips are very important nowadays because face-to-face contacts are more ___________ (value) for the matter.

Discuss the questions

1. What are the main reasons for business trips?

2. What are the steps in arranging a business trip?

3. How do people usually travel on business today?

4. What are the basic things one should remember while travelling abroad?

5. Why are business trip so important nowadays?

Vocabulary 4: PREPOSITIONS

Prepositions of place

at

at the station, at school

in

in the kitchen, in hospital

on

on the wall, on the table

by, next to, beside

Jane is standing by / next to / beside the car.

under

The bag is on the floor under the table.

between

The bank is between the restaurant and the railway station.

below

The fish is below the surface.

over

fly over the ocean

above

a path above the lake

from

a flower from the garden

behind

There is a police car behind us. It's following us.

Prepositions of movement

across

swim across the river

along

There are trees along the road.

around

We walked around the town for an hour.

to

go to the cinema

through

The train goes through a tunnel.

down

ski down the mountain

into

run into the room

past

I saw you yesterday when we drove past your school.

Prepositions of time

on

on the 5th of May, on Monday

in

in August, in winter, in the morning, in 1996, in an hour

at

at night, at the weekend,

at half past nine

before

She was before me in the queue.

after

We had lunch [1pm] after the meeting [11am].

during

He fell asleep during the meeting.

since

since 1980

for, over

We’ve had a lot of problems for / over the last few months

before

before 2004

to, till, until

from Monday to / till / until Friday

by

I will be back by six o’clock

Other prepositions

despite

We went swimming despite the cold water.

about

Let’s talk about something different.

against

Did you vote for or against the suggestion?

except

You can have any colour except blue. There is no more blue.

instead of

We don't have any tea. Would you like coffee instead of tea?

thanks to

Thanks to Shirley, we arrived on time.

since

I haven't seen Josef since Monday.

for

I bought it for $10.

with

Do you want to come with us?

without

I came without my wife because she is working.

according to

According to John, Mary was late.

because of

We can't play tennis because of the rain.

apart from

Nobody objected apart from you, so we did it.

by

The book was written by a very famous author.

Complete the sentences with In, At or On

1. Mike lives ___ Oxford. He’s a student ___ Oxford University.

2. Write your name ___ the top of the page.

3. Who is this boy ___ that photo?

4. Meet me ___ the bus stop ___ the end of Regent Street.

5. There is somebody ___ the door. Shall I go and see who it is?

6. You’ll find the sports results ___ the back page of the newspaper.

7. Where are the children playing? They are playing ___ the beach.

8. She lives ___ the ground floor.

9. It can be dangerous when children play ___ the street.

10. I usually buy a newspaper ___ my way to work in the morning.

11. London is ___ the river Thames. I like swimming ___ the river.

12. I was sitting ___ the back of the class.

13. His signature was ___ the back of this photo.

14. I don’t know where my umbrella is. Perhaps I left it ___ the chair.

15. Tom is ill. He wasn’t ___ work today. He was ___ home ___ bed.

16. They live ___ Seal, a small village ___ the road to Vladimir.

17. Let’s meet ___ the entrance to the Supermarket.

18. If you walk to the end of the street, you’ll see a small shop ___ the corner.

19. I wasn’t in when you phoned. I was ___ my sister’s house.

20. The exhibition ___ the Museum of Modern Art finished on Saturday.

Insert prepositions where necessary

1. She is _________ her sixties, but she looks much younger.

2. The first man walked on the moon _________ 21 July 1969.

3. The telephone and the doorbell rang _________ the same time.

4. What are you doing _________ the weekend?

5. Charles is getting married _________ next year.

6. Columbus made his first voyage from Europe to America _________ 1492.

7. I nearly missed my flight yesterday. I got to the airport just _________ time.

8. I’m busy just now, but I’ll be with you _________ a moment.

9. We often have a short holiday _________ Christmas.

10. Do you work _________ Wednesdays?

11. I didn’t understand the text _________ first, but _________ the end I managed to translate it.

12. I’ll have written a composition _________ 5 o’clock.

13. Mary and Henry always go out for a meal _________ their wedding anniversary.

14. ‘Can I speak to Clare’ ‘I’m afraid, she’s not here _________ the moment.’

15. I work _________ early morning _________ late _________ night.

16. I started learning English _________ the age of five.

17. It was quite a short book and easy to read. I read it _________ a day.

18. We travelled overnight to Paris and arrived _________ 5 o’clock _________ Friday morning.

19. They go out _________ every Wednesday _________ the evening.

20. The train service isn’t very good. The trains are rarely _________ time.

Insert prepositions where necessary

1. I was playing computer games ________ 5 ________ 6 o’clock yesterday.

2. Jazz became popular in the United States _________ the 1920s.

3. I’ll see you _________ next Friday _________ the evening.

4. It’s difficult to listen if everyone is speaking _________ the same time.

5. _________ Saturday night I went to bed _________ 11 o’clock.

6. I don’t know this man, but he seems to be _________ his forties.

7. The bus was late this morning but it’s usually _________ time.

8. I hope the weather will be nice _________ the weekend.

9. I haven’t seen you ______ ages! Where have you been _______ all this time.

10. In Britain most people do not work _________ Sundays.

11. _________ last year we went to France.

12. Jenny’s brother is an engineer, but he’s out of work _________ the moment.

13. I had translated this article _________ 6 o’clock yesterday.

14. Bob is a very fast runner. He can run 100 metres _________ 11 seconds.

15. I went to school _____ the age of 6, so I’ve been studying _____ 9 years.

16. Pauline got married ________ 18 May 1991.

17. It took me long to find a job. ________ the end I got a job in a hotel.

18. I haven’t met him ________ last Friday.

19. I normally get paid the end of the month.

20. I nearly forgot about Jack’s birthday. Fortunately I remembered just _______ time.

Vocabulary 5: PREPOSITIONS WITH ADJECTIVES

Look at the adjectives. Which prepositions come after them?

1.    good ___________

2.    happy __________

3.    interested _______

4.    nervous _________

5.    keen ____________

6.    surprised ________

7.    pleased _________

8.    proud __________

9.    rich ____________

10.                       similar _________

11.                       famous _________

12.                       tired ___________

worried _________

upset ___________

fed up __________

scared, afraid ____

bored __________

angry __________

concerned_______

capable _________

responsible ______

fond ___________

suitable _________

full ____________

TIP:  After the preposition we use a noun, gerund or a pronoun.

Make up sentences with each phrase (adjective + preposition)

Vocabulary 6: PHRASAL VERBS

Match the phrasal verb with its definition

agree with

look for someone / something

apply for

work for some employer

break up with

remain at the same level as someone

bring up

have a meal in a restaurant

calm down

enter a large, closed vehicle

care for / take care of

end a personal relationship

catch up (with)

have the same opinion as someone else

check in(to)

recover from an illness or painful experience

check out

be dissatisfied with something

cheer up

become calm; help someone become calm

complain about

watch one's health, take responsibility for

count on

learn / get information (about)

depend on

reluctantly stop fighting or arguing

eat out

survive, financially, in a difficult situation

work for

make arrangements for something

fill in

help someone feel less worried / depressed / sad

find out (about)

add information to a form

get along (with)

remember; reflect on something in the past

get by

think about a pleasant thing before it happens

get off

follow procedures for leaving (a hotel, etc.)

get on

leave; depart (often suddenly or quickly)

get over

become an adult

get rid of

have a friendly relationship (with)

get up

leave bed after sleeping and start your day

give up

give in

suit

raise

go out with

wait on the telephone

go with

depend on; trust that something will happen or that someone will do as expected

grow up

lift; take up

hold on

do something faster

hurry up

stop being behind

keep on

re-establish a friendly relationship by admitting guilt

keep up with

continue

look back on

have a date with

look forward to

register for / at a hotel, conference, etc.

look up

make an application or request for something

make up

give away or throw away

make up (with)

stop doing something

mix up

cause to become confused

pick up

find something in a reference work

put off

leave a large, closed vehicle

put up with

invent / create

result in something

resemble

run out of

arrive; appear

search for

need someone or something for aid or support

set up

refuse

show up

have as a result

turn down

postpone; delay; avoid

take after

tolerate

take off

use the last of

try on

wear something briefly to check its fit, how it looks, etc.

Fill in the blanks using the words in the box below. You can use the words from the box more than once

away                            after                            away                 for                 in           down             off                     on                            up

1. We had some problems when we checked _____ the hotel. They had reserved the room under the wrong name.

2. In the dream, my wallet turned _____ a butterfly and flew away. I think I'd better stop spending so much money.

3. Before the plane took ______, the flight attendant told everyone to fasten their seat belts and put their chairs in an upright position.

4. Don't forget to put your gloves _____. It is cold outside!

5. Fred told us to keep ______. He said the dog was very aggressive and that it might even be rabid.

6. Jane and I want to  give ____ smoking.

7. I am looking _____ an apartment near the beach. I would like a studio or a one bedroom with a view of the ocean.

8. I can't believe how much John takes _____ his father. They look and act exactly the same.

9. If you don't understand the word "superstitious," look it ____ in the dictionary.

10. Mr. Octavio checked our names ____ the list one by one as we entered the room.

11. I can't hear what they are saying on TV. Can you please turn it ____?

12. This is the most intensive language course I have ever taken. I have to study four hours per night just to keep ____ with the pace of the class.

13. Put your shoes _____ - it's too cold to walk around barefoot.

14. Where is the fitting room? I'd like to try _____ these trousers.

15. Have you tidied ______ the kitchen, yet?

16. Fill _____ the form, please.

17. The music is too loud. Could you turn ______ the volume, please?

18. Do you mind if I switch ______ the TV? I'd like to watch the news.

19. The dinner was ruined. I had to throw it _______.

Complete the sentences with phrasal verbs from the box in the correct tense, as in the example

come across

look forward to

go with

calm down

give up

fin out

get over

keep on

look up

try on

take off

put off

keep up with

turn up

eat out

grow up

run out of

take after

1. I come across these old photos when I was cleaning out my cupboard.

2. Don’t _________ till tomorrow what you can do today.

3. I'm going shopping for a new jacket to __________ my blue skirt.

4. If I _________ shopping at this rate, I'll have to buy a new wardrobe!

5. Why didn’t Tracy __________ at the meeting?

6. The German company tried to __________ the pace of Spanish utility company, but it failed.

7. You are still mad. You need to _________ before you drive the car.

8. I don't feel like cooking tonight. Let's ___________.

9. We don't know where he lives. How can we ___________?

10. The company will have to close if it can't ________ the new regulations.

11. When Jack ___________ he wants to be a fireman.

12. I ___________ my mother. We are both impatient.

13. I ______________ the Christmas break.

14. We ___________ shampoo so I had to wash my hair with soap.

15. I'm going to ______ these jeans _________, but I don't think they will fit.

16. My plane __________ in five minutes.

17. We can ________ her phone number __________ on the Internet.

18. I __________ smoking on January 1st.